Analysis of Issues of Corruption in Multinational Corporations Free Essay Example, 1500 words

The business partners are multiple. As stated by Mr. Sayed common legislation for controlling of the bribery is urgently required. There have been a few NGOs and organizations like OECD who have taken initiative to come up with legislation against issues of bribery. Codes are set up internationally which are meant to help the business decisions. It is a welcome effort as the issue is very serious and concerns day to day business applications. These codes specify bribery in three cases, people who are party to the bribery, active and passive version of bribery, actual bribery and the promise to pay bribery. There are practical difficulties in the implementation of the codes. If the definition of bribery is in itself vague then implementation of any regulation against it could be extremely difficult. Besides the codes themselves admit that it is impossible to cover the entire activities of bribery and regulate them. For some cases, it can provide a guideline, for others a definitive c ourse of action. The worldwide perspective of cultures comes in the picture here. What is accepted in some part of the world may not objectionable in other parts? We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis of Issues of Corruption in Multinational Corporations or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now In such case regulating each and every course of action becomes vague. Like in case of facilitation payments, sometimes such payments are considered if they are meant to procure routine business work. Although these payments are not illegal the organization should not get into such practices. The regulations become dicey. In fact, dealing on the case to case basis is preferred. Again when it comes to gifts and entertaining the regulations are on the borderline of what seems to be an acceptable business practice and what comes under bribery. With these main areas getting hazy the international business community would definitely not be happy with the regulations. Another problem associated with these regulations or codes is their implementation. The anti-corruption culture has to come from within the organization as well. Even when we speak about cultural differences no culture or business environment in any part of the world would accept corruption as a norm, which is a very hopeful situation.

In “Catcher in the Rye” by J.D. Salinger, Holden...

In â€Å"Catcher in the Rye† by J.D. Salinger, Holden Caulfield’s red hunting hat a symbol. A symbol represents and idea, belief, image or object. This hat helps us see and witness Holden’s journey from childhood to adulthood. Holden Caulfield’s red hunting hat is a symbol that represents the struggle between isolation and human contact, protection, link to innocence and growth as his story unfolds. Though it is a bumpy ride, its a ride we will all take. Though Holden seems like he hates society, he also wants to connect with someone. This struggle is the main-conflict in the book. The hat’s unusual appearance allows him to be separated from the post-modern society and the phonies within. While holding skips Pencey’s game versus†¦show more content†¦Holden believes Phoebe and Allie as children-innocence that comes with being a child. Holden tries to connect with them and that the only way to be a child is to be innocent. The hat is like a linker, connecting Holden to different people and things. Allie’s death completely changed Holden past and the hat, once again acting as a link connects past to present. Holden treats Allie as if he is still alive. Holden’s hunting hat represent many things( protection, isolation...) but ultimately it leads to one thing, his growth. Holden acts like a child for most of his story. We catch glimpses of him growing but truly he evolves at the end. While Phoebe is at the carousel he realizes that you have to give up things to keep the people you love happy. He concedes that hat to Phoebe, the hat that has protection him from evil itself. He stepping out of himself and sacrificing something for your loved. He finally understands that you have to let kids â€Å" fall† in order for them to get back up. He realizes that growing up is all part of life and everyone is bound to do it sometime. J.D. Salinger writes this novel and the beauty of it is that it can be applied to anybodies life. As I applied it to mine, it caused me to see my own faults that I was too blind to see. Just like Holden’s phoniness, he points out others but cannot see his own. In addition, I have also realized that I have not reached adulthood and that is okay because everyone reaches it at a

Corporate Social Responsibility in India free essay sample

The basic principle of the sustainable development and Corporate Social Responsibility is the combination of needs important both from the point of view of an institution, as well as a group of entities operating in its environment (employees, shareholders, stakeholders, borrowers, local society) within its business policy. Thus, the goal of a contemporary organisation should be to maximise its shareholders’ value satisfying, at the same time, expectations of other stakeholders (stakeholders’ value) by integrating economic, social and environmental operations. There are many factors that make us interested in Corporate Social Responsibility 2: †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ New problems and expectations of citizens, customers, public authorities and investors in the context of globalisation and significant industrial changes; Social criteria have bigger and bigger influence on investment decisions made by units and institutions playing both the role of consumers as well as investors; Bigger and bigger care for damages caused to natural environment by business activities; Transparency of business activities supported by media and IT technologies. Corporate Social Responsibility principles, as well as the quality of information in their web sites and annual reports, the main sources of knowledge about the company for potential investors, counterparties and local communities. In the near future, we should also expect that as a result of the globalisation of financial markets, Polish listed companies will meet investors that are more aware of Corporate Social Responsibility and consumers that invest and co-operate better with companies supporting environmental and social development. The analysis of awareness rates and progress in implementing the concept of Corporate Social Responsibility in the sector of Polish companies covered all joint stock companies listed in the Warsaw Stock Exchange4, excluding listed banks (covered in the analysis of the banking sector) and national investment funds. Results of the study are based on information disclosed and presented in web sites and annual reports of the analysed companies and they refer to the following aspects: †¢ †¢ †¢ reporting on Corporate Governance principles adopted by the company, including audit rules; reporting on the company’s environmental policy, reporting on the company’s social policy. The study covered possibilities of an access for investors, local communities, potential business partners to the information about the company’s financial standing, and strategies in progress. The principles for reporting on Corporate Governance were stipulated in the resolution of the Stock Exchange Council of October 16, 2002 (58/952/2002) on best practice in public companies in 2002. Pursuant to this document, companies were obliged to publish and deliver, by July 1, 2003, their first statement confirming their will to observe the newly introduced rules. The study carried out by the Institute shows that over 90 percent of companies publish their reports on incorporating (adopting) principles of Corporate Governance in their business strategies. However, we have to point out that the quality and availability of the information presented in web sites and in annual reports of companies for potential investors and society is relatively low. 4 The analysis was carried out from August – October 2003. 5 The Gdansk Institiute for Market Economics Among the listed companies under the study, only 40 percent disclose and publish detailed information about the structure of their Corporate Governance, and mostly in web sites, where companies present the information about the composition and structure of their management board (74. 4 %) and the composition and structure of their supervisory board (62. 2 %). Chart 1. 1. 1 Do domestic companies publish detailed information about the structure of their supervisory bodies? 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Board structure Supervisory board structure Responsibilities of board member Definition of independence 25,6% 37,8% 51,7% 87,2% 99,4% 99,4% 74,4% 62,2% 48,3% 12,8% 0,6% Any supervisory board Commities 0,6% Individuals responsible for implementation, oversight and audit of economic, social and environmental policies YES NO Source: Own study based on research carried out by the Gdansk Institute for Market Economics. The Institute’s studies on the companies’ informing about the structure and responsibilities of their main bodies in charge of Corporate Governance also show that: †¢ domestic listed companies have not appointed persons in charge of implementing and supervising their policy related to Corporate Social Responsibility, yet (only 0. 6%), †¢ companies usually do not disclose the information about the existing committees at their supervisory boards. Potential investors and business partners willing to establish co-operation with a given entrepreneur want to know external auditors analysing the company’s financial statements and know whether they are reliable. 6 The Gdansk Institiute for Market Economics The Institute’s study shows that 88 percent of domestic public companies presents information related to their audit policy in their web sites. The companies usually give procedures for selecting external auditors, principles for rotation (changes) of external auditors and point out that external auditors are independent of the company. Nevertheless, in Poland, companies still do not present statements on audit costs and costs of other services performed by auditors. The Institute’s analysis also shows that most listed companies under the study (86. %) have undertaken to respect such shareholders’ rights specified in the Best Practice like: †¢ †¢ right to express their opinion and make motions to the company’s management board; right to see minutes and reports from previous meetings (usually available to the shareholders at the company’s office); †¢ publishing information on future General Shareholders Meetings and their agenda. Chart 1. 1. 2 Do domestic companies publish information about audit, shareholders’ rights, implemented principles of their Code of Business Conduct / Code of Ethics? 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 12,8% 13,3% 98,9% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 87,2% 86,7% 1,1% 0% Does the Company disclose audit related Does the company disclose its policy on information? shareholder rights? Does the company disclose and report on its internal Code of Business Conduct/ Code of Ethics? YES NO Source: Own study based on research carried out by the Gdansk Institute for Market Economics. Assessing the awareness and progress in implementing the concept of Corporate Social Responsibility by Polish listed companies, it is worth underlining that still a small percentage of companies has developed and adopted the Code of Ethics and the Code of Business Conduct, 7 The Gdansk Institiute for Market Economics where the companies define, for example, principles for social, environmental policy, issues related to the protection of human rights, employment policy. The managements have to guarantee that the Code of Business Conduct is effectively implemented, monitored and improved. Therefore, the European Commission promotes companies which adopt and implement the Codes of Business Conduct prepared by international corporations. In the opinion of the European Commission, the Code of Business Conduct should 5: †¢ Be based on guidelines of the Convention of the International Labour Organisation, defined in the Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work from 1998 and OECD’s guidelines for international companies related to social partners and their stakeholders; †¢ †¢ †¢ Incorporate mechanisms required to assess and verify the Code implemented; Involve social partners and other groups of stakeholders influencing the company’s operations in the dialog about the shape of the Code; Expand the experience related to best practice in European companies. The concept of Corporate Social Responsibility also assumes that the company should purposefully get involved in environmental protection. The study shows that domestic listed companies do not find it purposeful to present information about actions taken to protect t e natural environment. On the one hand, it h results f rom the fact that the companies are not aware of potential benefits they could obtain, according to the assumptions of Corporate Social Responsibility, for example if their environmental actions are positively perceived by their stakeholders. The research carried out by the Market and Opinion Research International (MORI) under the CSR Europe campaign on the sample of 12 thousand citizens representing 12 countries shows that around 70 percent of consumers buying a product or a service take into account the level which a given producer is involved in social and environmental activity to. At the same time, every fifth consumer is ready to pay more for goods produced by a socially responsible company. On the other hand, the lack of information about environmental actions taken by the companies results from relatively low financial expenses borne by these companies for environmental purposes.

Narrative Report Essay Example

Narrative Report Paper A Narrative Report Presented to College of Business Administration and Accountancy Mindanao State University-General Santos City In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree Bachelor of Science in Business Administration Major in Management Submitted to: RAMON V. DESCALLAR OJT COORDINATOR Submitted by: Edenne Louise C. Marcos Student Trainee JUNE 2011 ACKNOWLODGEMENT The trainee would like to express her gratitude to the people who helped her for this training to be possible. She is thankful to the Lord for giving her the strength and good health to finish this training. Next, she wants to express her sincerest gratitude to her family for supporting her financially, emotionally and spiritually. She also would like to gratefully acknowledge the staff of Mindanao State University Procurement Office for giving her some knowledge about their work. And she would like to thank the professors of the Mindanao State University for conducting this kind of program that help the students experienced things in the real world. Lastly, she would like to acknowledge her OJT Coordinator, Mr. Ramon V. Descallar for the support that he gave to his trainee. INTRODUCTION The Office of Procurement Services assist schools, academic and operational departments in obtaining quality goods and services at competitive prices from responsible suppliers. The office provides direction, planning and coordination of the Purchasing division. It purchases supplies, furniture, equipment, textbooks, food and services when required. The office prepares and distributes certain supplies and services. We will write a custom essay sample on Narrative Report specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Narrative Report specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Narrative Report specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The purpose of this is to establish a framework for a common approach to Purchasing in the University and to document the objectives and principles of procurement. Procurement is the term used by University to describe the centralized function which provides support to purchasers in each school/college and which examines overall expenditures on goods and services, to ensure that value for money is being obtained throughout the University. Procurement Office provides support to school and improve their training and skills in the purchasing area. It also compare pricing and methodologies with other institutions to ensure value for money is being obtained. And assist school in ensuring that stocks are kept workable minimum. CONCLUSION At the end of the on-the-job-training period, the trainee learned and gained knowledge the process that’s happening in the Procurement Office. That before a Department/Office/College purchase an item/furniture and etc they need first to make a PR(Purchase Request) then bring it to Procurement Office and the staff their will make a Request for Quotation or Canvass. After making the canvass the Canvasser will go to different Companies that the item in the Canvass is available. Then the company will put prices in each item in the canvass after the canvass will go back again to Procurement Office so they can make an AOB (Abstract of Bidding). After making an AOB it will forward to Budget Office or whoever will award. After awarded the AOB will be back to Procurement Office to make the PO (Purchase Order) and after making the PO it will forward to Chancellor Office. The trainee also learned how to make Abstract of Bidding and Purchase Order. And observed that it was different when you were in school and when you were in the real world. Because most of the time you just learned in school while in the real world, you actually experienced and applied the things that your trainers taught you. TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE CERTIFICATION OF COMPLETION ACKNOWLEDGEMENT INTRODUCTION NARRATION OF EXPERIENCE CONCLUSION RECOMMENDATION APPENDIX * PICTURE * DTR * SAMPLE OF FORMS (PURCHASE REQUEST,CANVASS, ABSTRACT OF BIDDING, PURCHASE ORDER) * COPY OF ENDORSEMENT REFERENCES RECOMMENDATION Every trainee must be focus to his/her work. They must listen carefully with the instructions of their boss. And if they do not understand something, they should not be shy to ask for help. You should be aggressive in order to learn. Trainees should also always observe the proper attitude while working. You should work with promtness and be confident with your job. References http://www. construction-dictionary. com/definition/bid-abstract. html http://biztaxlaw. about. com/od/glossaryp/g/purchaseorder. htm http://www. audioenglish. et/dictionary/acknowledgement. htm http://searchcio. techtarget. com/definition/request-for-quotation http://www. wisegeek. com/what-is-supply-management. htm http://humanresources. about. com/od/glossaryh/f/hr_management. htm http://www. businessdictionary. com/definition/purchase-request. html http://www. creighton. edu/registrar/ NARRATION OF EXPERIENCE First day of on-the-job training, the trainee was tense because she did not know what work she will do. They taught the trainee how to make/type an AOB (Abstract of Bidding) and PO (Purchase Order). Abstract of Bidding (AOB) -On a given project, a compilation of bidders and their respective bids, usually separated into individual items. * Purchase Order is a document sent to a supplier or vendor, authorizing shipment of a product to the customer at a specified price and terms. The creation of a purchase order creates a legally binding contract which cannot be changed without the consent of both parties. Second day of her OJT, the trainee was still adjusting with the working environment. She writes the suppliers in the Acknowledgement of Request for Quotation/Canvass. Then, in afternoon the trainee with the Head of Procurement Office go to Emcor, Columbia Computer Center, SAFI Hardware, Dad. Glass and Construction Supply, OK Construction, Riotech and etc to give Canvass and deliver Purchase Order to OK Construction and Dad. Glass and Construction Supply. * Acknowledgement the state or quality of being recognized or acknowledged * Request for Quotation is a document issued when an organization wants to buy something and chooses to make the specifications available to many other companies so they can submit competitive bids. Third day, the trainee was getting relaxed and feeling comfortable. Her first task is to type Abstract of Bidding (AOB) after forward to Budget Office to award the item/s. And file the Purchase Order in the folder. The next day, she goes to Supply Management Office (SMO) to ask if the delivery of books is already complete or still the other books still not deliver. The trainee also goes to Chancellor Office to photocopy the Purchase Order and Abstract of Bidding. In the afternoon, she also type Abstract of Bidding and forward it to Budget Office same process what she did the other day. Supply Management Office(SMO)- provides overall supply management support for the following classes of supply and utilizing a standard Army automated system to accomplish the supply functions. On the fifth day, she already checks the prices from the Abstract of Bidding to its Purchase Order if it is the same or there is wrong pricing. She also checks the total amount of each item, from number /quantity of item times price per each. She also goes to Human Resource Management Office (HRMO) to give the Abstract of Bidding so they can award the item. Human Resource Management office is the organizational function that deals with issues related to people such as compensation, hiring, performance management, organization development, safety, wellness, benefits, employee motivation, communication, administration, and training. She type a pass slip for the Head of Procurement Office and after goes to Vice Chancellor for Administration and Finance (VCAF) to give its pass slip in the sixth day. The trainee also attached the Purchase Request to its Request for Quotation and Abstract of Bidding. Vice Chancellor for Administration and Finance group is to provide high quality, efficient, and effective services in support of the academic, research, and service activities of the University community. * Purchase Request- Document generated by a user department or storeroom-personnel to notify the purchasing department of items it needs to order, their quantity, and the timeframe. It may also contain the authorization to proceed with the purchase. The next day, nothings new again, she type Abstract of Bidding, file the Abstract of Bidding, Purchase Order, and Purchase Request by number. Another day but there’s nothing new to her work. She still type Abstract of Bidding to the new Request for Quotation arrive. In the afternoon, she goes to Registrars Office to give Abstract of Bidding to award the item. * Registrars Office is a potent part of the universitys scholastic services. It extends academic services to students, faculty and administration. As the steward of academic records and other related documents, its core commitment is to uphold the reliability and availability of academic documents ; information. What the trainee doing in the office is like a cycle it’s the same from day by day except that sometimes not all job or work is the same this day and another day. What the trainee do in the office is type Abstract of Bidding and Purchase Order. She also goes to Chancellor Office to photocopy some documents/files. File the documents Purchase Order, Abstract of Bidding, Purchase Order by number. She also checks the prices in the Purchase Order from Abstract of Bidding where the item is awarded. Last week of on-the-job training the trainee also experienced to get the item that is order in Crown Bookstore and Kristan. She also experienced again in going to different Companies to give Canvass. The trainee also goes to Apopong Furniture Shop to give Purchase Order. The last day of on-the-job training, June 3, 2011. For the last time the trainee arranged the Abstract of Bidding and Purchase Order. She, the trainee, Edenne was lucky because her bosses were very nice to her and taught her many things that cannot be taught in school.

tobacco essays

tobacco essays It is a proven fact that tobacco companies target teenagers in their advertisements. But who wouldn't spend six million dollars to target us? Teenagers are the next generation. We are the ones that are going possess the big houses, the fancy cars, and most importantly, the big bucks. We're the ones that are going to college with our parent's money, and we are the ones most susceptible to advertisement ploys and we are the ones that need peer approval. All these factors make teenagers excellent targets for the ever present need to sell more cigarettes and other tobacco products. It seems that we are stupid enough to fall for it though, because teen-age smoking has risen sharply over the last year and is steadily increasing. It would be a different story if the media didn't inform us of the ill affects of smoking both mentally and physically, but they do almost everyday. Yet smoking kills more people than AIDS, alcohol, drug abuse, car crashes, murders, suicides and fires combined! Cigarettes contain an addictive drug called nicotine , which is ingested by a person through the inhalation of cigarette smoke. Nicotine contains over 500 chemicals such as formaldehyde, cyanide, and insecticide. The cigarette smoke also contains tar which severely damages the mouth, throat, and lungs. Nicotine is a stimulant that affects the brain and central nervous system in 10 seconds and it also affects the body. The immediate affects of nicotine on the body include: increase in blood pressure, increase in heart rate, thickening of blood, narrowing of arteries, decrease in skin temperature, increase in respiration, vomiting, and diarrhea. The long term effects of nicotine on the body include: blockage of blood vessels, thus a slower heartbeat than a non-smoker's at rest, depletion of vitamin C; reduction in the effectiveness of the immune system, making it harder to fight off dangerous infections; cancer of the mouth; throat; and lungs; cancer of the u...

3 Things You Need to Do Before You Apply For a New Job

3 Things You Need to Do Before You Apply For a New Job If your current job isn’t keeping you challenged and on your toes, stepping out into the field might be a great idea. So take a deep breath, make sure you’re sure you want to quit  your job, and do the following three things. 1. Re-evaluate your current gigWhat did you love about this job? Can you remember why you were excited about it in the first place? What did you learn? These questions will help you to make the best choice about your next gig. By being honest about the good and bad aspects of your current job, you’ll know better what you’re really looking for with your next.2. Don’t burn any bridgesYou need to look for new connections and new mentors, but you also need to keep up the relationships you already have. Be as active as possible in recruiting new talent into your network, and getting yourself out there in your new industry or work group, but don’t let your existing network fizzle. You’ll never know when you might need those contacts.3. Come out in the openThe hardest part will be telling your current boss that you are leaving- or thinking about leaving. But it is much better to be up front about this. It’s the classy and professional move. Your boss will thank you for the lead time to fill your position- and a month to six weeks notice is much better than the standard two.As long as you’re honest with yourself and your current boss, you can walk clear-eyed and contented into your next opportunity.

Reflection paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 7

Reflection paper - Essay Example Nurses are prone to dilemmas, emotional turmoil and psychological challenges that can lower their professional performance. It is through a critical analysis of the situations they go through and strategizing that can produce consistent standardized healthcare service delivery. Having secured a clinical placement in one medical facility that has several health units with different patients, the experience should be evaluated. One outstanding element with this center is that all other units were shut down since there was a serious respiratory infection. The unit I worked in had a number of patients suffering from the same issue. The second day of my duty saw me tasked with carrying out an assessment to the patients I was handling. They were suffering from respiratory infections and exhibited symptoms such as coughing and sore throat among others. I went into their rooms without the required protective gear such as gloves and masks since they were not available. Although the dispensers that are supposed to contain the tools were available, they were all empty. It took the intervention of a colleague nurse to refill the boxes after I asked for them. Unfortunately, only one box containing masks could be found. Strange enough, even the support workers at the fa cility did not find the need to put on the masks to enter the isolated rooms; something that I watched in immense disbelief and astonishment. Sad enough, I witness three people die owing to negligence and lack of proper handling of the isolated patients. This has since prompted me to undertake a comprehensive reflection into the experience. Problems associated with improper actions in handling patients with respiratory infections has seen a number of researches conducted to analyze and recommend the best practices (Dolphins, 2013). Researchers generally believe that providing a good healthcare facility with sufficient instruments and facilities can protect people in that environment from contracting or